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SCENA ZNANOSTI

How science actually happens: peer review, preprints, corrections, and what never gets published.

An AKTUAL MEDIA edition · GNK ASG network

Hrvatski

Peer review

What a reviewer actually checks — and what they don’t

A reviewer does not repeat the experiment. They read the method, check the logic and ask whether the conclusion is larger than the data. That helps, but it is not the same as independent verification.

SCENA ZNANOSTI — Peer review
Network notice. This is an independent edition inside the GNK ASG network. The main site is gnk-asg.hr; the list of all editions is at gnk-asg.hr/en/network. The publisher is AKTUAL MEDIA d.o.o., and every text in the network is listed at AKTUAL MEDIA — network of editions. Editor and director: Nermin Sefić.

The desk does not run research or peer-review papers. It carries published documents and marks what is peer-reviewed and what is not.

01Three review questions

Is the sample sufficient for the claim? Was the analysis planned in advance or chosen after the results? Can an independent group repeat the procedure from the description? If the third has no answer, the paper is a description, not proof.

02Anonymity and its limits

Double-blind review hides authors from reviewers and vice versa. In small fields this is hard because the topic gives the author away. When anonymity fails, the risk of bias toward a known name rises.

  • Check of method and logic
  • Check of whether the analysis was preregistered
  • Check of conflicts of interest
  • No repeat of the experiment

Questions that keep coming back

How many reviewers read a paper?

Usually two or three, but that is not a rule and varies by journal. Some journals publish reviewer names, some do not.

Sources

Every source below is public and checkable. Where a page cites a figure, the figure comes from one of these documents — and the document has a date.

  1. arXivThe largest preprint server; papers before review, clearly marked as not peer reviewed.
  2. NatureJournal and an explanation of its own editorial process.
  3. ScienceJournal and its corrections and retraction policy.
  4. Retraction WatchA database of retracted papers and the reasons behind retractions.
  5. PubPeerPublic post-publication discussion of published papers.
  6. DOI FoundationA persistent identifier; a link that does not depend on the journal’s URL.
  7. Hrvatska zaklada za znanostNational research funding and public project information.

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